Amino acids tau paub los ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev. Tshawb nrhiav seb lawv yog dab tsi, cov yam ntxwv zoo li cas, cov txiaj ntsig uas lawv muaj, thiab lawv siv li cas hauv kev tsim lub cev. Lub cev tsis tuaj yeem siv cov protein sib txuas zoo li lawv. Ua ntej, lawv yuav tsum tau muab faib ua amino acids thiab peptides (pawg amino acid). Nov yog tib txoj kev amino acids hauv kev tsim lub cev tuaj yeem siv los ntawm lub cev los tsim cov leeg nqaij tshiab. Ib qho ntxiv, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov amino acid sib txuas kuj tseem siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj hormones, enzymes thiab rov ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev.
Dab tsi yog Qhov Tseem Ceeb thiab Qhov Tseem Ceeb Amino Acids?
Feem ntau ntawm cov amino acid sib txuas tuaj yeem ua ke los ntawm lub cev siv nitrogen-free metabolites thiab sib xyaw nitrogen rau cov laj thawj no. Xws li cov amino acids hu ua tsis tseem ceeb. Ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm cov amino acid sib txuas, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg: serine, alanine, ornithine, glutamic acid, cystine, thiab lwm yam.
Nws tseem yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias arginine thiab histidine yog ib nrab tsis tseem ceeb. Lawv qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb los ntawm cov uas tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau yog tias lawv tuaj yeem siv hloov chaw ntawm phenylalanine thiab methionine.
Kuj tseem muaj pab pawg thib ob ntawm cov amino acid sib txuas hu ua cov amino acids tseem ceeb. Cov no suav nrog threonine, valine, methionine, tryptophan, lysine, thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj no tsis tsim tawm hauv lub cev thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub cev nrog zaub mov nkaus xwb.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov protein hauv lub cev tsis tso tseg ntev li nws muaj tag nrho cov amino acids sib txuas hauv qhov txaus. Thaum muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm tsawg kawg ib qho ntawm cov amino acids, protein synthesis nres, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov teeb meem hauv lub cev zom zaub mov, poob ntawm cov leeg nqaij thiab raug ntes loj hlob. Cov amino acid sib txuas pom hauv cov khoom siv kis las twb tau ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj nyob hauv daim ntawv dawb. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg, txawm li cas los xij, kev siv lawv tsis yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj kom tau txais cov protein, txawm hais tias ntau tus kws tshaj lij hais lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov amino acids tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tsim lub cev.
Piv txwv li, tyrosine thiab tryptophan ua rau cov neurotransmitters, thaum arginine thiab glutamine ua kom nrawm tsim cov tshuaj hormone loj hlob. Niaj hnub no kev lag luam kws tshuaj tsim peb pawg tshuaj uas muaj cov amino acids:
- Cais cov amino acids;
- BCAA;
- Complex amino acid sib txuas.
BCAA amino acids
Tej zaum ntau tus neeg ncaws pob tau hnov txog cov branched-chain amino acids, uas hu ua BCAAs. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog paub tias txhawm rau tsim cov leeg nqaij tshiab, cov tshuaj no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm cov leeg nqaij cov protein, thiab, yog li, cov leeg nqaij. Pawg BCAA suav nrog leucine, valine thiab isoleucine. Cov no yog cov tshuaj hloov pauv uas tsis tau tsim los ntawm lub cev.
Lub cev muaj peev xwm siv BCAAs los ua lub zog, tab sis kev siv cov amino acid sib txuas no tsis yog qhov tseeb. Yog li, BCAAs yuav tsum suav nrog cov carbohydrates yooj yim thaum noj.
Complex amino acid sib txuas
Twb tau los ntawm lub npe nws tuaj yeem nkag siab tias qhov no yog qhov nyuaj ntawm txhua cov amino acids tsim nyog rau lub cev. Lawv tsis tsuas yog cov amino acids tseem ceeb, tab sis kuj tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov sib txawv.
Xaiv cov amino acid sib txuas
Hom kev ntaus kis las ntxiv no tsis tshua pom nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog ob qho dhau los, vim nws tau siv lub hom phiaj nqaim.
Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias txhua cov amino acids muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb, uas yuav tham txog hauv qab no.
Qhov tseem ceeb amino acids
Leucine
Cov tshuaj no muaj nyob hauv nqaij, qe, khoom siv mis nyuj, ntses thiab nqaij qaib. Ua tsaug rau leucine, cov leeg nqaij ua kom sib txuas thiab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tau ntxiv dag zog.
Isoleucine
Nws suav nrog txhua yam khoom lag luam uas muaj cov protein sib xyaw. Lub cev siv nws rau tib lub hom phiaj zoo li leucine.
Valine
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov ntaub so ntswg thiab sib txuas. Muaj nyob hauv cov khoom tsiaj. Ntxiv nrog rau kev koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov nqaij nqaij, valine ua kom cov leeg sib koom tes, txo lub cev kev mob rau qhov mob, txias, thiab cua sov.
Histidine
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm histidine yog txhawm rau nce tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas thiab rov kho lawv. Cov tshuaj no yog ib feem ntawm hemoglobin thiab siv los kho anemias, mob txhab, mob rheumatoid mob caj dab thiab ua xua.
Lysine
Feem ntau ntawm lysine muaj nyob hauv ntses thiab cheese. Cov amino acid sib xyaw no yog ib feem ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm carnitine, thiab tseem txhim kho kev nqus cov calcium los ntawm lub cev.
Methionine
Feem ntau pom muaj hauv cov nplej, nplej thiab txiv ntseej. Ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov metabolism hauv cov rog thiab cov protein sib txuas. Ib qho ntxiv, methionine yog tus xa khoom ntawm leej faj rau lub cev. Cov tshuaj no pab txhim kho qhov mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab tseem ntxiv dag zog rau cov hauv paus plaub hau.
Threonine
Ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov purines uas txhawb nqa kev siv cov khoom lag luam protein tawg. Tsis tas li, cov amino acid sib xyaw no pab txhawb kev tawm tsam cov rog hauv lub siab thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj hnyuv.
Tryptophan
Nws yog ib qho ntawm lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov niacin thiab serotonin, uas pab txhim kho kev pw tsaug zog, nce kev xav, nce qhov pib mob, thiab lwm yam.
Ib nrab-qhov tseem ceeb amino acid sib txuas
Tyrosine
Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm tyrosine yog mis, ntses thiab nqaij. Tyrosine yog siv los ntawm lub hlwb los ua ke norepinephrine, uas ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws. Tam sim no kev tshawb fawb tseem tab tom cuam tshuam los ntawm cov amino acid no ntawm kev qaug zog. Cov txiaj ntsig kom deb li deb tau cog lus heev.
Cystine
Nrog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cystine, lub cev siv cov tshuaj no hauv kev sib xyaw cov protein, hloov nws nrog methionine. Feem ntau cov cystine muaj nyob hauv ntses, nplej, taum pauv, nqaij thiab oats.
Hloov cov amino acid sib txuas
Arginine
Nws pab txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov qog, pab ntxuav lub siab, nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ua kom nrawm cov synthesis ntawm kev loj hlob hormone. Cov amino acid sib xyaw no yog siv hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj hormone loj hlob thiab koom nrog cov txheej txheem hlawv roj.
Aspargin
Txhawb nqa tshem tawm ammonia los ntawm lub cev, uas yog qhov txaus ntshai rau hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb. Tsis tas li, kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no ntawm cov amino acid tau ua pov thawj nws lub peev xwm los txo kev qaug zog. Pom zoo, qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov amino acids hauv kev tsim lub cev.
Glutamine
Pab txhawb rau kev ua kom cov piam thaj hauv qib ib txwm, ua rau lub hlwb ua haujlwm tau zoo. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias glutamine feem ntau piv nrog glutamic acid, uas yog qhov tsis raug kiag li. Cov tshuaj no sib txawv heev hauv lawv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub cev.
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog dab tsi ntawm cov amino acids thiab yuav coj lawv li cas, saib cov vis dis aus no:
