Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb nrog iav ntaub plaub, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv, yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv cua sov, txheej txheem txheej txheem los ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, ua tiav. Rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb nrog iav ntaub plaub yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo ntawm kev ua kom muaj cua sov nyob hauv ob peb xyoos dhau los. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv no, uas ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom niaj hnub no. Cov iav ntawm cov iav yog 4 zaug ntev dua li ntawm lwm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev, yog li nws ruaj khov thiab tiv taus.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm iav iav hauv tsev rwb thaiv tsev
Cia peb xub xav txog qhov rwb thaiv tsev no yog dab tsi. Hom khoom siv hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev no yog tsim los ntawm cov iav tawg lossis cov xuab zeb uas yaj. Qhov zoo ntawm cov paj rwb tuaj yeem hais ntxiv los ntawm nws qhov ntxoov ntxoo, uas pib dhau los ua qias neeg thaum khi cov khoom txuas ntxiv rau cov khoom.
Cov iav iav yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm slabs lossis rolls. Feem ntau, qhov kev piav qhia qhia tias tom qab deformation, nws rov qab los rau nws cov duab qub. Yog tias cov khoom siv yuav qhia pom cov khoom zoo li no, nws txhais tau tias nws yog qhov zoo tiag tiag.
Muaj qee cov qauv uas tseem siv rau qhov ntev ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev cua sov. Nws cov tuab tuaj yeem yog 40 txog 200 mm, ntev - los ntawm 1200 txog 14,000 mm, thiab qhov dav ntawm cov plaub yog 600 lossis 1200 mm. Qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom sib txawv hauv qhov ntau ntawm 18 txog 75 kg / m3.
Thaj chaw ntawm daim ntawv thov iav iav yog ntau yam sib txawv. Nws yog siv los tiv thaiv lub ru tsev, hauv pem teb, lub ntsej muag, kev faib khoom, thiab ntau lub tsev tsim qauv. Cov ntaub plaub uas xoob xoob pab tau ntau heev nyob rau qhov uas nws yuav tsum tau ntim cov kabmob thiab cov chaw uas tsis yooj yim mus cuag.
Thaum rwb thaiv tsev hauv av, nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no uas cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj:
- Lub zog txaus, txij li cov plag tsev feem ntau raug kev nyuaj siab, piv rau phab ntsa;
- Siab zoo insulating zoo, uas yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los txo cov cua sov poob;
- Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom;
- Yuav tsum tau nqus dej tsawg;
- Yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab tus nqi rau nyiaj.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm iav iav hauv tsev rwb thaiv tsev
Qhov ntsuas cua sov no muaj ntau qhov zoo. Cia peb nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- Cov khoom tiv thaiv zoo heev, txij li cov khoom tuaj yeem khaws cua sov hauv chav, tsis tso cua txias nkag mus sab hauv.
- Tsis tshua muaj qhov hnyav, uas yooj yim heev rau kev teeb tsa, tso thiab thauj cov khoom no.
- Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, ntseeg tau tias iav iav tsis raug puas tsuaj thiab khaws nws qhov qub.
- Cov rwb thaiv tsev tsis raug rau kev kub hnyiab ntawm tus kheej thiab, qhov tseem ceeb dua, tsis tso tawm cov tshuaj phem lossis tshuaj lom thaum lub sijhawm ua pa taws.
- Cov khoom siv ruaj khov, siv tau tsis hnav thiab tuaj yeem siv tau ntev txog 50 xyoo.
- Tsis nyiam nas nas.
- Tiv taus cov pwm thiab pwm.
- Nws yog tshuaj lom inert.
- Txawv sib txawv hauv kev ywj pheej tshwj xeeb, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm qhov tsis sib xws (cov qhov cua nkag, cov kav dej, thiab lwm yam).
- Tsis ntsws thaum siab lossis qis kub.
- Muaj peev xwm ntxiv txog + 5 ° C rau chav sov.
- Nws yog lub suab zoo insulator.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm kev siv iav ntaub plaub. Lawv cuam tshuam nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv no, lossis zoo dua nrog cov iav tawg yooj yim uas tig mus rau saum huab cua nrog rau hmoov av. Vim li ntawd, lawv tsis tsuas yog nkag mus rau peb lub ntsws, tab sis tseem khom ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab khaub ncaws. Ib qho ntxiv, qee yam ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev no tuaj yeem muaj cov tshuaj tsis zoo, yog li cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kawm.
Tswv yim! Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv iav ntaub plaub hauv chav nrog cov av noo siab, vim qhov tseeb tias cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem nqus dej noo tau yooj yim.
Iav ntaub plaub hauv tsev rwb thaiv tsev
Ib qho ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv cua sov yog rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb nrog iav iav siv cov cav ntoo. Kev teeb tsa lub rwb thaiv tsev yog pib tsuas yog tom qab ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw.
Kev npaj ua haujlwm ua ntej txhim kho iav ntaub plaub
Cov theem ntawm kev ua kom sov no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, txawm hais tias coob leej tsis ua tib zoo mloog rau nws. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau ntxuav ntawm qhov seem ntawm cov ntaub pua plag hauv pem teb dhau los, kua nplaum thiab qhob cib. Ib qho kev loj hlob uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsum tau tsoo nrog rauj thiab txiab, txwv tsis pub nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov ua tau zoo ntawm rwb thaiv tsev.
Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem tshem tag nrho cov khib nyiab los ntawm hauv av, thiab cheb saum npoo av kom txog thaum lub hauv paus pob zeb tau huv huv. Tom qab ntawd, kev nyuaj siab thiab kab nrib pleb raug kaw - rau qhov no, siv tshuaj txhuam hniav los kho. Yog tias muaj qhov tob, nws yuav yooj yim dua rau lawv ntim nrog polyurethane ua npuas ncauj. Sai li nws hardens kiag li, qhov tshaj yog trimmed yaug nrog rab riam ntse.
Tom qab cov txheej txheem no, saum npoo yuav tsum tau ua ntej nrog cov kev daws teeb meem tob. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tos kom cov xim pleev xim kom qhuav tas: yog tias nws tau nqus sai heev, nws tau siv ntau zaus, tab sis txhua txheej tom ntej tsuas yog tom qab ib qho tau qhuav lawm. Tsis yog tsuas yog hauv pem teb tau ua tiav, tab sis tseem muaj cov phab ntsa hauv chav kom siab li tsis ntau tshaj 15-20 cm.
Sai li cov xim qhuav, qhov saum npoo yog qib nrog kev daws teeb meem tus kheej. Qee qhov xwm txheej, nws yuav tsim nyog los ua ib qho screed ib nrab qhuav.
Txhawm rau ua qhov no, txoj cai nyob nruab nrab ntawm chav, qhov xav tau ntawm cov tshuaj qhuav tau nchuav tawm, uas ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab. Dej tau nchuav rau hauv nws, raws li qhov sib piv qhia hauv pob. Kev daws yog sib xyaw nrog cov duav, nws qhov sib xws yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav heev, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws yuav tsum tsis txhob kis rau saum npoo av. Nws muaj peev xwm txo qis cov hmoov av uas yuav nce mus rau saum huab cua los ntawm kev ntxiv cov dej me me.
Txoj kev npaj daws tau muab faib sib npaug thoob plaws hauv chav. Nws yog txaus los tsim txheej tsis ntau tshaj 10-15 hli siab. Thaum qhov no ua tiav, nws tau tamped lossis dov nrog cov hlau hlau. Ib qho cuab yeej txhawb nqa tau muab tso rau saum cov dej sib tov, tom qab ntawd cov nplaim dej tau tsoo dua.
Txhawm rau ua tus screed raws li qib, ntawm qhov siab xav tau ntawm txhua phab ntsa, kev teeb tsa qhov teeb meem raug teeb tsa ua ntej, nrog rau tag nrho saum npoo yuav raug sib npaug. Yog tias qhov tsis xws luag lossis lwm yam tsis xws luag tshwm rau nws, lawv tau nchuav nrog qhov xav tau ntawm qhov sib xyaw thiab rub dua.
Qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov ua tiav screed raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm qib tsev. Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem pib grouting. Lub screed dries tawm txog li ib hnub, tom qab ntawd cov seem ntawm daim kab xev damper raug tshem tawm. Txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau lub hauv paus pob zeb qhuav, nws tau nchuav dej ntau rau ob peb hnub.
Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem pib ua haujlwm tiv thaiv dej. Yog hais tias rwb thaiv tsev tau ua nyob rau hauv pem teb 1, tso cov khoom vov rau ntawm kub lossis txias mastic yuav yog kev daws teeb meem zoo. Ib daim kab xev damper tau kaw nyob ib puag ncig ntawm chav, nrog rau kev sib tshuam ntawm hauv pem teb thiab phab ntsa, uas yog muag tau npaj ua, lossis koj tuaj yeem txiav nws koj tus kheej los ntawm polyethylene ntom. Nws yuav tiv thaiv kev deformation ntawm txheej txheej thiab tiv thaiv qhov kub tshaj.
Ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab cov cuab yeej, cov khoom hauv qab no yuav xav tau: rauj, hnab looj tes ua haujlwm, qib kev tsim kho thiab kab kab, rab riam los yog txis, tus ntswj taub hau, rab chais thiab rab rawg, ntim rau sib tov tshuaj khib, hacksaw, kev tsim kho stapler, riam, duav.
Ntawm cov ntaub ntawv: kuav los tiag iav ntaub plaub los yog hauv daim ntawv ntawm mats, polished edged board, xis mas, xuab zeb, alabaster, dej, ntsia hlau, staples, ntsia hlau, damper daim kab xev.
Cov lus qhia rau kev txhim kho iav ntaub plaub hauv pem teb
Cov iav iav rau hauv pem teb tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv thawj qhov chaw rau peb cov pa ua pa. Thaum ua haujlwm, nco ntsoov siv lub tsho tiv thaiv lossis hnav tag nrho, nrog rau lub tshuab ua pa thiab hnab looj tes tsim kho. Yog tias cov fibers nkag los rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tsis txhob zuag lawv, tab sis tam sim sim ntxuav nrog dej thiab xab npum me me.
Lub algorithm ntawm kev nqis tes yuav raug txo mus rau cov theem hauv qab no:
- Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw npaj, los ntawm qhov uas seem ntawm yav dhau los npog hauv pem teb tau raug tshem tawm, cov cav lossis cov ntoo yooj yim tau muab tso tawm. Lawv qhov siab yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 20 cm, vim tias lawv yuav tshem tawm qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm chav. Ntoo tuaj yeem sib txawv: los ntawm ntoo qhib mus rau ntoo thuv.
- Cov tuav tau muab tso tawm thoob plaws qhov ntev ntawm chav ntawm qhov nrug ntawm 50 cm ntawm ib leeg. Cov ntawv hla dhau tau teeb tsa nruab nrab ntawm lawv txhua 100 cm. Yog li, ib lub thav duab tiav yog tsim.
- Cov iav iav tau ntim rau hauv cov cell uas tau tshwm sim. Yuav tsum muaj nws txaus kom nws nyob nruj nreem txaus, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws tsis nce siab dua qhov lags. Yog tias cov rwb thaiv tsev tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm mats, tom qab ntawd lawv raug txiav raws li qhov loj ntawm txhua lub cell.
- Tom qab sau tag nrho cov phiaj xwm npaj ua ntej nrog cov paj rwb, koj tuaj yeem tso dej tsis haum lossis zaj duab xis yas tso rau saum nws. Tsis txhob hnov qab sib tshooj thiab ua tib zoo lo cov pob qij txha - qhov no yuav zam kev nkag los ntawm cov dej noo thiab o ntawm cov cua sov ua kom sov nrog qhov poob ntawm nws cov txiaj ntsig.
- Yog tias kev sib txuas lus engineering dhau ntawm qhov chaw hauv av, tom qab ntawd lawv tau xub npog nrog rwb thaiv tsev. Tom qab ntawd tau kos lub cim rau ntawm qhov nkag ntawm qhov tob thiab dav. Tom qab ntawd, raws li kev ntsuas ntsuas, ib qho zawj lossis zawj raug txiav tawm uas cov yeeb nkab yuav raug muab zais.
- Koj tuaj yeem pib tsim lub tsho tshaj sab (uas yuav tham txog hauv ntu tom ntej). Linoleum, laminate, parquet, board thiab lwm yam kev xaiv tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv av.
Ua tiav hauv pem teb
Cov plag tsev tau yog thiab tseem yog ib txoj hauv kev nyiam ua kom tiav cov rwb thaiv tsev nto. Thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj cov av noo tsis ntau tshaj 12% hauv chav, vim tias ntoo tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntshai ntawm qhov ntub.
Yog tias hauv pem teb tau rwb thaiv tsev nrog iav ntaub plaub hauv thaj chaw nyob, tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv qhov nyiam ntawm ntoo coniferous. Ib qho piv txwv tuaj yeem yog ntoo thuv, ntoo thuv, ntoo thuv, larch, thiab lwm yam.
Thaum yuav ib lub rooj tsavxwm, nco ntsoov them sai sai rau nws qhov xwm txheej. Cov ntoo yuav tsum qhuav me ntsis, vim tias ntub los yog overdried tuaj yeem hloov pauv lub sijhawm. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau tshuaj xyuas qhov tsis xws luag, xws li kev tawg, tawg, thiab ntau qhov chaw. Cov khoom yuav tsum tau yuav nrog cov paj ntoo tsawg kawg 10-15%.
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, ntoo tau pleev xim nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas ua rau nws cov khoom ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab tseem tiv thaiv qhov pom ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov pwm. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis muaj dej tsis zoo nyob rau hauv pem teb ntoo yav tom ntej. Hauv lub peev xwm no, penofol lossis ntom polyethylene feem ntau ua.
Ib qho ntawm txoj hauv kev feem ntau rau kev txhim kho cov plank hauv tsev yog txhawm rau txhim kho nws ntawm cov ntoo ntoo. Qhov zoo ntawm txoj hauv kev no suav nrog qhov tseeb uas ua lag luam ua rau nws muaj peev xwm zais qhov ua tsis tau zoo tam sim no, xws li kev tsis xws luag, poob qis, kev sib txuas lus, thiab lwm yam. Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yuav yog ntoo ntoo nrog qhov ntev ntawm 50 txog 100 hli.
Lags raug coj los rau hauv chav ob peb hnub ua ntej kev teeb tsa thiab tawm mus kom lawv coj lawv cov duab thiab yoog raws qhov kub thiab txias. Tom qab ntawd, ob kab teeb sib dhos tau teeb tsa rau sab nrauv phab ntsa. Txhua 1.5 metres, cov xov nylon tau rub nruab nrab ntawm lawv, nrog rau cov cav txuas ntxiv yuav raug teeb tsa. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev los sau qhov chaw tshwm sim nrog cov khoom siv cua sov.
Yog tias kev teeb tsa tau ua tiav ntawm pob zeb ua ke, tom qab ntawd lawv tau nrawm nrog cov nqaj lossis cov thauj tog rau nkoj. Rau lub hauv paus ntoo, nws tus kheej tapping ntsia hlau lossis ntsia hlau ntev tau siv. Rau kev sib txuas zoo dua, cov khoom siv tau siv, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd lub rooj tsavxwm tau kho nrog tus kheej tapping screws. Lub qhov rau cov ntsia hlau raug ua ntej ua ntej.
Sai li tag nrho cov cav coj lawv qhov chaw rau hauv pem teb, lawv tau xaws nrog cov ntawv fiberboard, qhov loj uas tau xaiv kom txhua qhov sib koom ua ke yog nyob ntawm kaum sab xis mus rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov ntoo. Rau kev tso thawj cov pob zeb, siv txoj hlua ncab, uas yuav tsum thim ntawm phab ntsa li ntawm 1.5 cm.
Qhov khoob yuav tsis sib xws ntawm cov plag tsev thiab phab ntsa. Txhawm rau kaw lawv, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los yuav ib lub plinth.
Cov lus pom hauv qab no yuav pab koj ua kom tiav cov ntoo hauv tsev tiav:
- Tom qab ntsuas cov laug cam, nws yog qhov zoo dua los suav lawv. Qhov no yuav zam kev tsis meej pem thiab ua tiav cov ntu uas tsim nyog.
- Thaum nteg hauv pem teb, cov plank tau muab tso kom lub npe hu ua "cov hnub qub uas muaj hnub nyoog" ntawm cov ntoo saib hauv cov lus qhia rov qab.
- Kev ua haujlwm pib los ntawm phab ntsa, ua kom lub qhov cua me me sib txawv, vim tsob ntoo yuav tsum "ua pa". Yav tom ntej, qhov sib txawv no raug kaw nrog lub plinth.
- Sai li sai tau thawj lub rooj zaum tau muab tso, cov khoom siv tau raug tsoo ntawm qhov deb ntawm 4-6 cm los ntawm ntug ntawm cov ntoo. Koj yuav tau txais ib lub qhov uas txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau nyab xeeb tau tsav. Ib lub ntsej muag tau tsav nyob nruab nrab ntawm nws thiab tus tuav. Qhov no yuav ua kom nruj haum rau cov laug cam.
- Tom qab ua tiav txoj haujlwm, cov pob qij txha yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo hauv av. Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem nteg laminate, parquet lossis parquet board ntawm insulated ntoo hauv pem teb.
- Yog tias koj tsis npaj yuav tsim kev tiv thaiv ntxiv rau ntawm qhov chaw, ces lub rooj tsavxwm yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv. Rau lub hom phiaj no, nws tuaj yeem pleev xim nrog cov kua roj vanish lossis roj linseed, lossis tsawg kawg kho nrog dej qab zib. Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem impregnation, koj yuav tsum tau txav mus rau cov fibers uas twb muaj lawm - txoj hauv kev no yuav pom qhov pom tsawg dua.
Yuav ua li cas iav ntaub plaub tau ua - saib hauv video:
[xov xwm = https://www.youtube.com/watch? v = 3bKR8BbNgCI] Xav txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev muaj nyob hauv khw, nws yuav tsis nyuaj rau ua rwb thaiv tsev. Cov iav iav muaj cov npe loj ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo, ntawm qhov nws tus nqi qis, qib kev nplij siab thiab rwb thaiv tsev cua sov, thiab qhov zoo tuaj yeem ua qhov txawv. Nws tso cai rau koj txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev tswj hwm qhov kub nyob hauv chav thiab yog li ntawd tseem xav tau ntxiv.
