Anthracnose: hom thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tawm tsam

Cov txheej txheem:

Anthracnose: hom thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tawm tsam
Anthracnose: hom thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tawm tsam
Anonim

Yog tias koj xav paub yuav tiv thaiv anthracnose li cas, nws txoj kev kho mob, peb pom zoo kom koj paub koj tus kheej nrog cov khoom siv no. Peb yuav qhia koj yuav daws tus kab mob no li cas rau ntawm tsob ntoo Berry, walnuts, taub dag thiab tsob ntoo citrus. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm tsab xov xwm:

  • Kev piav qhia ntawm tus kab mob
  • Vim li cas rau qhov tsos
  • Currant thiab raspberry anthracnose
  • Pumpkin anthracnose
  • Walnut anthracnose
  • Citrus anthracnose

Anthracnose yog kab mob nroj tsuag uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov dib liab, dib liab, dib, taub, taub dag, txiv hmab, txiv kab ntxwv, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv ntseej, thiab txiv ntoo. Los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, anthracnose tuaj yeem ua mob rau currants, raspberries thiab gooseberries.

Kev piav qhia ntawm tus kab mob anthracnose

Anthracnose-kis nplooj
Anthracnose-kis nplooj

Anthracnose lossis, raws li nws tseem hu ua, tooj liab yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob tsis zoo ntawm cov gene Colletotrichum, Gloeosporium, Kabatiella. Thawj cov tsos mob ntawm kev puas tsuaj feem ntau tshwm rau ntawm nplooj. Lawv tsim cov xim av nrog cov xim txiv kab ntxwv lossis pinkish, nrog cov ciam teb tsaus. Maj mam, cov nplooj qhuav thiab poob tawm. Ntawm cov qia thiab ceg ntoo, qhov chaw nyuaj siab tshwm sim, vim qhov txav ntawm cov as -ham los ntawm cov nroj tsuag cuam tshuam.

Ntawm kev tua, anthracnose tshwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm oblong lub teeb xim av me ntsis, uas maj mam nce hauv qhov loj me, tsaus ntuj, ntau thiab ntau nkag mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg cog, thiab lawv cov ciam teb ua xim av lossis tsaus liab.

Nrog qhov pib ntawm huab cua qhuav, thaj chaw cuam tshuam tau npog nrog cov kab nrib pleb. Yog tias cov av noo, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog siab, tom qab ntawd cov qia rot thiab tawg. Yog tias tus kab mob cuam tshuam rau cov nroj tsuag, tom qab ntawd lawv qhuav, thiab cov av saum toj no tuag.

Yog vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm anthracnose

Kab mob Anthracnose ntawm txiv hmab
Kab mob Anthracnose ntawm txiv hmab

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no tau txhawb nqa los ntawm qhov siab acidity ntawm cov av, noo noo. Yog tias huab cua kub siab tshaj + 22 ° C thiab cov av noo txog 90%, tom qab ntawd cov xwm txheej zoo tau tsim rau kev txhim kho ntawm anthracnose.

Yog tias tsob ntoo tsis muaj cov poov tshuaj thiab phosphorus, tom qab ntawd nws ua rau muaj tus kab mob no ntau dua. Cov kab mob tsis zoo nyob rau xyoo tas los cov nroj tsuag tsis tau sau qoob loo, av, noob thiab, nyob rau qhov xwm txheej zoo, kis cov qoob loo hauv vaj.

Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav paub yuav ua li cas thiaj kov yeej txiv hmab anthracnose hauv kab lus piav qhia txog kab mob ntawm kab lis kev cai no. Koj yuav kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog kev ntsuas ntsuas ntawm tsob ntoo thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag tom qab.

Anthracnose ntawm currant, gooseberry thiab raspberry

Raspberry anthracnose
Raspberry anthracnose

Nws tshwm sim nws tus kheej ua ntej ntawm nplooj qis hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov xim av me me, muaj pob me me, maj mam cov nplooj qhuav thiab poob tawm. Yog tias cov ntoo ntsuab thiab cov petioles raug cuam tshuam, cov xim av me me ua rau lawv. Currant liab tau mob nrog anthracnose ntau dua li dub thiab gooseberries.

Kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv nws yog khaws cov nplooj poob thaum lub caij cog thiab tom qab nws xaus. Thaum kawg ntawm lub caij, cov av ib puag ncig cov hav txwv yeem yuav tsum tau txau nrog 3% Nitrafen daws. Kev kho nrog "Nitrofen" tsis yog tsuas yog nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, tab sis tseem nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov, thaum lub paj tseem tsis tau o. Cov tshuaj no pab kom kov yeej tsis yog qhov no nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj lwm yam kab mob ntawm currants, gooseberries, raspberries, piv txwv li, powdery mildew, septoria. Kev noj cov tshuaj: 10 m2 cog - 1, 5-2 litres ntawm kev daws.

Anthracnose ntawm currants thiab lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav pab kom kov yeej cov tshuaj hauv qab no: "Captan", "Khomycin", "Phtalan", "Kuprozan", "Colloidal sulfur". Lawv tau bred raws li cov lus qhia thiab tshuaj tsuag ntawm thawj cov cim ntawm kev pib kis tus kab mob, tab sis tsis yog thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav, txhawm rau zam kev lom. Qhov kev kho mob thib ob yuav tsum ua tiav 10 hnub tom qab khaws cov txiv ntoo.

Kev tshem tawm cov ntoo thiab tsis ua kom tuab ntawm tsob ntoo yuav pab tiv thaiv kab mob anthracnose, txij li cov kab mob ua ntej ntawm txhua qhov xaiv rau nws tus kheej cov hav txwv yeem uas tau cog ze rau ib leeg, vim tias muaj huab cua tsis zoo.

Ua tib zoo saib rau ntau hom anthracnose-resistant currant. Ntawm cov dub currants, Primorsky Champion, Sanders, Altayskaya, Katun, Golubok, Stakhanovka yog qhov txawv. Ntau yam ntawm liab currants thiab dawb currants uas tiv taus tus kab mob no: Chulkovskaya, Laturnais, Holland liab, Victoria liab, Faya muaj menyuam.

Pumpkin anthracnose

Melon anthracnose
Melon anthracnose

Anthracnose lossis tooj liab ntawm dib, zucchini, dib liab, melon, taub dag tshwm ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm tsob ntoo, txawm tias lub hauv paus dab tshos. Koj tuaj yeem pom thawj cov cim ntawm kev puas tsuaj txawm tias thaum lub caij cog cov noob los ntawm cov av - ntawm lub hauv paus dab tshos thiab cotyledons.

Hauv tsev cog qoob loo, anthracnose cuam tshuam rau cucumbers feem ntau ntawm txhua qhov, thiab hauv qhov chaw qhib - feem ntau yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab nplooj ntawm cov noob taub dag. Feem ntau, nws tshwm nyob rau hauv huab cua ntub hauv nruab nrab lub caij ntuj sov. Ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tooj liab pom zoo li cov xim av, thiab ntawm cov txiv kab ntxwv lawv dub. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cuam tshuam los ntawm anthracnose, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog dib, tau thauj tsis zoo, sai rot thiab pwm.

Tswj kev ntsuas yog raws li hauv qab no:

  • Kev ua ub no agrotechnical … Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los soj ntsuam cov qoob loo sib sib zog nqus, khawb tob rau hauv cov av tom qab qhov kawg ntawm lub caij cog qoob loo, tshem tawm thiab rhuav tshem cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas lwj thiab cog qoob loo.
  • Noob hnav … Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv 80% ntawm cov tshuaj "TMTD" - tetramethylthiuram disulfide. Tsim nyog kuj "Geksatiuram", suav nrog 50% thiram thiab 30% hexachlorobenzene.
  • Txau cov qoob loo … 1% daws ntawm Bordeaux kua tau siv, txau nrog 90% tooj liab oxychloride nrog qhov sib xyaw ntawm 0.3%, 0.4% raug ncua ntawm 80% cineb, 0.5% raug ncua ntawm 50% phthalan, colloidal sulfur.
  • Ua ntej ntim rau hauv ib lub thawv tshwj xeeb … Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau tiv thaiv zaub los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ua ntej thauj mus los thiab khaws cia.
  • Dusting … Thaum lub sijhawm khaws cia, nws yog ib txwm ua rau pollinate melons thiab watermelons nrog leej faj: rau 1000 txiv hmab txiv ntoo - 0.5 kg ntawm leej faj.

Ib qho ntxiv, nws raug nquahu kom siv ntau yam uas tiv taus tus kabmob no.

Walnut anthracnose

Walnut anthracnose kab mob
Walnut anthracnose kab mob

Tus kab mob no rau ntawm tsob ntoo uas nquag muab hu ua marsonia. Feem ntau nws tshwm nyob rau thawj ib nrab ntawm lub Tsib Hlis. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, sib npaug lub teeb-xim av lossis xim av me me ntawm qhov loj me nrog ntug dav tau tsim ntawm cov nplooj. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov nplooj cuam tshuam qhuav tawm thiab tawg. Ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, anthracnose tshwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev nyuaj siab me me xim av xim av, vim yog cov txiv ntoo qhuav thiab tuaj yeem tawg ua ntej ua ntej.

Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov, thaum lub buds tseem tsis tau tawg paj, cov ntoo yuav tsum tau txau nrog 1% DNOC daws. Yog tias koj plam lub sijhawm no thiab cov nplooj twb tau tawg paj, tom qab ntawd txau tsob ntoo nrog Bordeaux kua ntawm qhov siab ntawm 3%. Nws kuj tseem siv thaum lub caij, txau cov ntoo 2-3 zaug, tab sis nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm 1%. Qhov no yuav pab tiv thaiv kev txhim kho tus kab mob.

Rau tib lub hom phiaj, ntoo raug kho nrog fungicides (0.4% "Khomecin", Tsineb 0.4%). Kev kho mob thawj zaug tau ua tiav thaum lub Tsib Hlis, tom qab ntawd ncua sijhawm 10-15 hnub, yog tias muaj kev sib kis.

Txog kev tiv thaiv tus kabmob no ntawm tsob ntoo hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, nplooj poob yuav tsum tau sau, tom qab ntawd hlawv.

Citrus anthracnose

Cov tshuaj Fitosporin
Cov tshuaj Fitosporin

Ib txoj hauv kev zoo los tiv thaiv thiab kho kab mob anthracnose thiab lwm yam kab mob fungal yog kev daws 1% ntawm Bordeaux kua, uas tau txau 2-3 zaug thaum lub caij cog qoob loo.

Ib qho tshuaj zoo yog kev npaj tsis muaj tshuaj lom Fitosporin. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo citrus sab hauv tsev. Ua ntej, cov tua tuag raug txiav tawm, thiab tom qab ntawd cov nroj tsuag raug kho nrog cov tshuaj no.

Yuav ua li cas kom tshem tau anthracnose los ntawm cov ntoo hauv tsev - saib cov vis dis aus:

Yog li, anthracnose yog kab mob txaus ntshai, uas yuav tsum tau pib ua raws sijhawm.

Pom zoo: